国家开放大学23春人文英语44形考作业【标准答案】

单元自测1（10分）
试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、挑选填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最好选项。（每题10分）

1.– Excuse me, could you tell the time?
– ________________________________
A.You\'d better buy a watch.?
B.Can you see the clock?
C.It\'s three thirty by my watch.

2.– Hello, may I speak to John?
– ________________________
A.You are wanted on the telephone.
B.Just a second, please.
C.Can I leave a message for him?

3.Our house is about a mile from the railway station and there are not many houses __________
A.in between
B.far apart
C.among them

4.Both the kids and their parents __________English, I think. I know it from their accent.
A.is
B.been
C.are

5.When Lily came home at 5 pm yesterday, her mother ______dinner in the kitchen.
A.cooked
B.was cooking
C.cooks


二、阅览了解：挑选题（每题10分）

6.挑选题

　　Jim Thorpe was a Native American. He was born in 1888 in an Indian Territory(印第安人保护区)that is now Oklahoma. Like most Native American children then, he liked to fish, hunt, swim, and play games outdoors. He was healthy and strong, but he had very little formal education. In 1950, Jim Thorpe was named the greatest American football player. He was also an Olympic gold medal winner. But Thorpe had many tragedies in his life.

　　Jim had a twin brother who died when he was nine years old. By the time he was 16, his mother and father were also dead, Jim then went to a special school in Pennsylvania for Native American children. There, he learned to read and write and also began to play sports. Jim was poor, so he left school for two years to earn some money. During this time, he played on a baseball team. The team paid him only $15 a week. Soon he returned to school to complete his education. Jim was a star athlete (运发动) in several sports, including baseball, running, and football. He won many awards for his athletic ability, mainly for football. In many games, he scored all or most of the points for his team.

　　In 1912, when Jim Thorpe was 24 years old, he became part of the U.S Olympic team. He competed in two very difficult events: the pentathlon and the decathlon. Both require great ability and strength. The pentathlon has five track and field events, including the long jump and the 1500-meter race. The decathlon has ten track and field events, with running, jumping and throwing contests.

　　People thought it was impossible for an athlete to compete in both the pentathlon and the decathlon. So everyone was surprised when Thorpe won gold medals in both events. When the King of Sweden presented Thorpe with his two gold medals, he said, “Sir, you are the greatest athlete in the world.” Thorpe was a simple and honest man. He just answered, “Thanks, King.”

　　1. From the passage we learn that Jim Thorpe was born in 1 .
　　A. India
　　B. Pennsylvania
　　C. Oklahoma

　　2. According to the passage, most American Indian children loved all the following EXCEPT 2 .
　　A. fishing
　　B. singing
　　C. swimming

　　3. Jim Thorpe started to play sports 3 .
　　A. before he was 9 years old
　　B. when he was 16 years old
　　C. when he was 24 years old

　　4. The word decathlon in paragraph 3 probably means 4 .
　　A. jumping
　　B. five track and field events
　　C. ten track and field events

　　5. Which of the following is NOT TRUE? 5
　　A. In 1912, Thorpe went back to finish his college education.
　　B. Thorpe won two gold medals in the 1912 Olympic Games.
　　C. Thorpe once played on a baseball team for money.
(1).__1__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(2).__2__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(3).__3__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(4).__4__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(5).__5__
A.A
B.B
C.C

单元自测2（10分）
试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、挑选填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最好选项。（每题10分）

1.– You are late. The discussion started 30 minutes ago.
– ________________________________
A.Well, I don\'t know.
B.I am really sorry.
C.Don\'t blame me.

2.– Would you like something to drink? What about a cup of tea?
– ________________________________
A.Yes, I want.
B.No, I wouldn\'t.
C.No, thanks.

3._________ the War of Independence, the United States was an English colony.
A.Before
B.At
C.In

4.Every year thousands of lives ________ in road accidents because of careless driving.
A.are lost
B.lost
C.have lost

5.No matter _________, the little sisters managed to round the sheep up and drive them back home safely.
A.it was snowing
B.hard it was snowing
C.how hard it was snowing


二、阅览了解：挑选题（每题10分）

6.排序题

A. I couldn\'t agree more.

B. What else?

C. Once we separate and recycle them.

D. But I have a concern.

E. That is really a great advice.

?

Peter: Molly, look at this. The newspaper says we should sort trash.?

Molly: That would be great! I always hate it when people mixing all the trash together.

Peter: 1 Many communities have already done that.

Molly: Yeah. The benefits of sorting out trash are obvious.

Peter: For instance?

Molly: If trash is sorted, it can be transferred to factories instead of the disposal plant.?

Peter: That makes sense. 2

Molly: With trash separated, pollution caused by incineration can be avoided.?

Peter: It is high time for us to sort out the trash. Trash is trash only when everything is mixed together. 3 they can be useful again.?

Molly: 4 Things like paper, glass, and plastics can all be recycled. They can be reused.

Peter: Sorting is good. 5 If people have no idea how to sort their trash, they will still put all waste in the same bag.

Molly: You are right. People should be informed about how to do that in the first place. Moreover, sorting trash should be made easy for us. Otherwise, few people would bother to do it.

Peter: I hope everything goes smoothly!

Molly: I believe it will.
(1).__1__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(2).__2__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(3).__3__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(4).__4__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(5).__5__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E

单元自测3（10分）
试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、挑选填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最好选项。（每题10分）

1.-These are certainly beautiful flowers. Thank you very much.
-_________.
A.No, nothing.
B.It\'s my pleasure.
C.Yes, I agree.

2.-Can you go out with us for dinner this evening?
-__________.
A.No, I already have plans.
B.Thanks a lot, but I\'m busy tonight.
C.No, I really don\'t like being with you.

3.I don\'t know the park, but it\'s _________ to be quite beautiful.?
A.said
B.told
C.spoken

4.Nancy is ________ girl.
A.an eighteen-year-old
B.an eighteen-years-old
C.a eighteen-years-old

5.Is the library ________ now? No, it\'s ______.
A.open; close
B.opening; closing
C.open; closed


二、阅览了解：挑选题（每题10分）

6.挑选题

?

Liu Hui interviews Dr. Smith about the issue of educational inequality.

Liu Hui: Thank you, Dr. Smith, for agreeing to be interviewed by our Campus News Weekly. First, what do you mean by educational inequality?

Dr. Smith: Educational inequality is the disparity that certain students experience in their education as compared to other students. But the meaning of it varies in different social contexts.

Liu Hui: Why does it exist in modern society??

Dr. Smith: Well, researchers link educational inequality to socioeconomic, racial and geographic reasons.

Liu Hui: So it is very likely that educational inequality exists in different forms in different countries.?

Dr. Smith: Yeah, you are right. For example, in the United States, although skin color is linked to other forms of inequality, it is evident in education.

Liu Hui: Educational inequality exists in China, too. For example, the college entrance rate is much higher in Beijing than in other provinces. How do you think can we someday eradicate the inequality?

Dr. Smith: It\'s impossible to answer such a big question in few words. Educational inequality has become one of the most important political and social issues in every nation nowadays. There have been numerous attempts at reforms and.....

Well, researchers link educational inequality to 1 .?

A. socioeconomic, racial and educational reasons
B. racial, economic and geographic reasons?
C. racial, socioeconomic and geographic reasons

2. According to the passage, 2 .
A. in the United States, skin color is linked to other forms of inequality, but not in education
B. in the United States, skin color is only linked to the form of inequality in education
C. in the United States, skin color is linked to the inequality in education

3. Educational inequality exists in 3 .
A. China only
B. many countries
C. all the countries

4. What does the word “eradicate” mean in the passage? 4
A. get rid of
B. cope with
C. carry out

5. What\'s the attitude of Dr. Smith to the future of education equality? 5
A. reserved
B. positive
C. negative
(1).__1__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(2).__2__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(3).__3__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(4).__4__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(5).__5__
A.A
B.B
C.C

单元自测4（10分）
试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、挑选填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最好选项。（每题10分）

1.— Can you tell me where I can park the car?
— _________________.
A.?Yes, please
B.?It is made in America
C.Well, just over there

2.— Could I talk to Prof. Lee?
— _________________.
A.Yes, speaking?
B.Oh, it\'s you
C.I\'m waiting for you?

3.?The atmosphere ???????????certain gases mixed together in definite proportions.
A.?composes of
B.is made up
C.consists of?

4.?The new order means _____ overtime.?
A.works
B.to work
C.working

5.?With his work completed, the manager stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ____ he was a man of action.?
A.which
B.that
C.What


二、阅览了解：挑选题（每题10分）

6.挑选题


　　Babies who are breast-fed may be more likely to be successful in life, a new study published Tuesday suggests. The study followed more than 3,000 babies into adulthood in Brazil. The researchers found those who were breast-fed scored slightly higher in intelligence tests in their 30s, stayed in school longer and earned more money than those who were given formula（配方奶粉）.

　　“Breast-feeding not only has short-term benefits, but also breast-feeding has long-term benefits, ” says Bernardo Lessa Horta of the Federal University of Pelotas in Brazil, who led the study being published in The Lancet Global Health.

　　Doctors have long known that breast-feeding can be good for a baby\'s health. This is especially true in poor countries, where water can be contaminated. For instance, a baby given formula in developing countries is 14 times more likely to die in the first six months than one who\'s breast-fed. In the U.S., some research has suggested that breast-feeding may raise a baby\'s IQ（智商）by a few points. But a recent study with siblings（兄弟姐妹）found little advantage to breast-feeding.

　　Horta says these previous studies didn\'t follow children into adulthood to see if breast-feeding had long-term effects. So Horta analyzed data collected from 3,493 volunteers he and his colleagues have been following since birth. They are now in their 30s. First, the researchers gave the subjects IQ tests. Those who were breast-fed for 12 months or more had IQ test scores that were 3.76 points higher than those who were breast-fed for less than one month, the team found.

　　When Horta and his colleagues looked at how much education the subjects had gotten and how much money they were making, they also found a clear difference: Those who were breast-fed the longest stayed in school for about an extra year and had monthly salaries that were about a third higher.

　　1. From the passage, we learn that Horta 1 .

　　A. is from Brazil
　　B. conducts his research in the U.S.
　　C. has 30 researchers on his team

　　2. Which of the following about those who were breast-fed is NOT mentioned? 2
　　A. They stayed longer in school
　　B. They were happier
　　C. They were smarter

　　3. Which of the following is TRUE? 3

　　A. Doctors don\'t understand the benefits of breast-feeding.
　　B. Horta is concerned with water contamination in poor countries.
　　C. Horta\'s research project lasted about 30 years

　　4. The word contaminated in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to 4 .

　　A. finished
　　B. interested
　　C. polluted

　　5. Which of the following is an appropriate title for this passage? 5

　　A. Researchers Have Pointed Out the Disadvantages of Breast-feeding
　　B. Researchers Have Found Out the Shortcomings of Formula
　　C. Breast-feeding Improves Chances of Success
(1).__1__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(2).__2__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(3).__3__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(4).__4__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(5).__5__
A.A
B.B
C.C

单元自测5（10分）
试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、挑选填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最好选项。（每题10分）

1.— Have a nice holiday, Ted.
— _________________.
A.Yes, you\'re right
B.?That\'s all right
C.Thank you, and you too

2.— How was the journey to London?
— _________________.
A.It went very well
B.It was a nine-hour?
C.I flew there

3.__________ these honours he received a sum of money.?
A.Expect?
B.?But ?
C.Besides?

4._______ tomorrow\'s lessons, Frank has no time to go out with his friends.?
A.Not preparing?
B.?Not having prepared?
C.Not to prepare

5.The young ______ interested in pop music.?
A.is
B.?have
C.are


二、阅览了解：挑选题（每题10分）

6.填写主题句

I. Read the passage and choose the right sub-title (A-D) for each paragraph.


A. The inexactitude of language

B. Preventing misunderstandings

C. Intercultural communication

D. Fostering respect

E. Avoiding conflicts

Para 1? 1

　　Intercultural communication refers to messages transmitted between members of two or more different societies. Effective intercultural communication helps firms avoid conflict, prevent misunderstandings, and foster respect.

Para 2? 2

　　The workplace is growing more diverse every day. Managers cannot assume that what they find inoffensive will also be inoffensive to their subordinates. A lack of sensitivity can lead to claims of discrimination or harassment, which costs firms big money. Intercultural communication involves exercising sensitivity and tact to avoid such conflicts.

Para 3? 3

　　We human beings have developed language to communicate ideas to one another. Still, our language represents an imperfect form of communication. Sometimes, words cannot accurately convey an idea, because the information might be highly complex. Also, a concept that exists in one culture or language might not be part of another. Effective intercultural communication tries to bridge language gaps as effectively as possible so that everyone at the workplace finds themselves on the same page.

Para 4? 4

　　Given the inexactitude of language, misunderstandings can frequently arise between people from different cultures when they exchange information. Idioms often become lost in translation. For example, the English expression “to shoulder responsibility” translates into Swedish as “be a man for your hat”. Intercultural communication does not rely on expressions native to a particular language that could lead to confusion; rather, it relies on clear messages that all parties understand.

Para 5? 5

　　Communication happens differently in various cultures. What one society finds acceptable may be anathema?to another. When coworkers from different cultures do not take these differences into account, not only does communication suffer but conflicts come to the fore. Effective intercultural communication does not try to ignore societal differences; rather, it respects the variations among the human race and enables people to transmit information clearly.
(1).__1__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(2).__2__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(3).__3__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(4).__4__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E
(5).__5__
A.A
B.B
C.C
D.D
E.E

单元自测6（10分）
试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、挑选填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最好选项。（每题10分）

1.— Are you on holiday here?
— _________________.
A.We are on holiday here, too
B.?We live here, too
C.No, we aren\'t. We live here?

2.— Do you mind if I read the newspaper on the table?
— _________________.
A.Good news for you?
B.Go ahead, please
C.Yes, sure?

3.The young actor who had been thought highly of _______ to be a great disappointment.
A.turned up
B.turned out
C.turned down

4._______________ is the population of Paris?
A.How many
B.How much
C.What

5.?Would you like something ______________?
A.drink
B.to drink
C.drinking


二、阅览了解：挑选题（每题10分）

6.正误判别

James Bush

35 West 9 Avenue

Pensacola, FL23506

P: (03) 86661234

M: 0651 222555

E: james.bush@hotmaill.com.us.

[Date]

Nick C. Brown

Hiring Manger

Saint Louis Mental Health Service

16 Mary Street

River Dale, IL 566077

Dear Mr. Brown,

　　I wish to apply for the position of Social Worker as advertised on seek.com.au. Please find my resume attached.

　　For almost two years I have worked as Mental Health Case Manager for Truecare and their Housing and Accommodation Support Initiative. During the time I have proven my ability to work with an interdisciplinary team, and also developed interpersonal skills and strong professional relationships with clients, including individuals, families and community groups. In my work I have acquired a thorough understanding of the Mental Health Act of 2014 in relation to social work.

　　My duties have included providing psychosocial support to clients, in the form of one-on-one counselling as well as group therapy; developing and overseeing treatment plans for clients; advising family caregivers; and consulting with doctors, therapists and medical professionals. I was awarded with the New Employee Achievement Award for my work on a difficult case in 2015. My strong verbal and written communication skills have been well utilized in this role and I have also demonstrated solid organizational skills in my case management.

　　I have a strong desire to make a positive difference in people\'s lives and I believe I would be an asset to St Paul\'s Hospital if given the opportunity.

　　If you require more information please contact me at the phone numbers above. I am available for interviews and hope to hear from you soon.

Yours sincerely
James Bush

?

James has almost two-year experiences of social work. 1

2. James provides psychosocial support to clients, in the form of group therapy. 2

3. James does not give advice to family caregivers. 3

4. James\'s strong verbal and written communication skills have been well used in this position. 4

5. James believes he would be a valuable staff to St Paul\'s Hospital if given the opportunity. 5
(1).__1__
A.T
B.F
(2).__2__
A.T
B.F
(3).__3__
A.T
B.F
(4).__4__
A.T
B.F
(5).__5__
A.T
B.F



单元自测8（10分）
试卷总分:100 得分:100

一、挑选填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最好选项。（每题10分）

1.— How are you feeling now?
— _________________.
A.Much better
B.It\'s OK
C.Thank you

2.— What time does the train leave?
— _________________.
A.On Tuesday
B.In the morning
C.At half past five

3.This overcoat cost _______________. What\'s more, they are ________small for me.
A.very much; very?
B.too much; much too
C.much too; too much

4.By the year 2020, China\'s population probably _________1.4 billion.
A.will be reaching
B.are reaching
C.will have reached

5.He studied hard at school when he was young, _________contributed a lot to his success.
A.which
B.therefore
C.what


二、阅览了解：挑选题（每题10分）

6.挑选题

Alternative Legal Billing – Win Strategies

　　Hourly billing is the best way to be charged for legal services. About 95 percent of lawyers still perform their legal work on an hourly basis. If you want something better than the old “bill by the hour” deal, try presenting one of these billing structures.

Project billing for routine issues

　　If your legal needs include large but repetitive tasks, consider a flat-fee approach. Once you get a project billing estimate, don\'t hesitate to shop around to compare prices and services with other law firms. A firm may provide a better deal if it expects future work from your company.

Results-oriented options

　　“Pay-according-to-success” is one choice. It considers fees based on the outcome of the case and the performance of your counsel. Contingency fees turn the matter into a shared risk or shared encouragement, making the law firm your business partner, not just representation.

Multi-layered tasks

　　If you\'re shopping for a firm for actual legal work involving a number of legal specialties, consider using blended hourly fees. The firm calculates in advance an “average” rate based on the anticipated time each lawyer spends on the matter.

　　This arrangement helps the client to avoid paying a senior partner\'s hourly rate for research that should be conducted by a junior associate.

　　Legal “Insurance”

　　The contract fee allows the client to pick up the phone and talk to the lawyer without needing to eye the clock. This approach works like a legal insurance policy. It encourages companies to contact their counsel on non-litigation, non-crisis matters, and to save money in the long run by engaging in more preventive legal action.

?

　　1. 1 is the best way to be charged for legal services.

　　A. Results-oriented billing
　　B. Hourly billing
　　C. Flat-fee billing

　　2. A flat-fee approach 2 .

　　A. is suitable for repetitive tasks
　　B. is useless
　　C. is the best choice.

　　3. 3 make the law firm share your risk and encouragement.

　　A. Contract fees
　　B. Blended hourly fees
　　C. Contingency fees

　　4. Legal work involving a number of legal specialties should consider using 4 .

　　A. blended hourly fees
　　B. insurance fees
　　C. hourly fees

　　5. You have to eye the clock when you talk to the lawyer when you choose 5 .

　　A. legal “Insurance”
　　B. the old “bill by the hour” deal
　　C. a flat-fee approach
(1).__1__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(2).__2__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(3).__3__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(4).__4__
A.A
B.B
C.C
(5).__5__
A.A
B.B
C.C